作者：蒂姆·库克 日期：2016-07-09 12:34:19
各界精英励志演讲 讲述奋斗历程揭秘成功之路 精选来自不同领域、拥有不同背景与经历的演讲者的演讲名篇。题材涉猎广泛，内容涵盖政治、经济、社会等方面的前沿问题；演讲风格迥异，或气势恢宏，或意蕴精深，或轻松诙谐，或语重心长。句句发人深思，给人启迪。 YouAreYourOwnProfessorNow?(?Excerpt?)成为自己的教授（节选）/史蒂芬?科尔伯特13 ■商界精英 TakeSomeTimetoReallyThink(?Excerpt?)花些时间，认真思考（节选）/凯蒂?柯丽克79 ToBeaPathfinder(?Excerpt?)成为开拓者（节选）/杰夫?伊梅尔特107 WriteaFantasticStoryofYourLife书写精彩人生/玛丽?希金斯?克拉克3 ■商界精英 TakeSomeTimetoReallyThink(?Excerpt?)花些时间，认真思考（节选）/凯蒂?柯丽克79 ToBeaPathfinder(?Excerpt?)成为开拓者（节选）/杰夫?伊梅尔特107 DiscoverYourPurposeandPassion找到目标点燃激情/罗恩?沙伊克131 FreeYourMindtoEvolveFaster:Reboot,RewriteandRethink?(?Excerpt?)不沉湎于琐事才能快步迈向成功——改变、重塑与反思（节选）/斯科特?伊里173 WhyWeAllNeedtoPracticeEmotionalFirstAid(?Excerpt?)情感急救（节选）/盖伊?温奇209HowtoManageforCollectiveCreativity?(?Excerpt?)如何发挥集体创造力（节选）/琳达?希尔227 ThePriceofAltruism利他精神的价值/马修?李卡德253 WhatILearnedfromSpending31DaysUnderwater我在水底31天学到了什么/法比恩?库斯托285 BeStubbornandOptimisticinLife生活需要执着与乐观/乔伊斯?卡洛尔?欧茨315 PoetrythatFreestheSoul诗歌解放被囚困的灵魂/克里斯蒂娜?多梅内克345 ■政界精英 TakeYourResponsibilities(?Excerpt?)担起责任（节选）/玛德莱娜?奥尔布莱特395 FollowYourHeart(?Excerpt?)心随所想（节选）/米歇尔?奥巴马413 课程有止境，学习无止境。你的文凭是一把钥匙。它不仅为你开启了可能之门，同样也为他人开启可能之门。——约翰?邦?乔维 MaryHigginsClarkCommencementAddressattheCatholicUniversityofAmericaMay16,2015 CardinalWuerl,President,JohnGarvey,fellowhonorees,Trustees,Faculty,membersofthegraduatingclass,andfamiliesandfriendsofthegraduates,Iamdelightedtoaddresstheclassof2015thismorningonthisdef?iningmomentintheirlives.OvertheyearsI’veattendedmanygraduationsandthesamewordskeepcomingup—milestones,memories,dreams,hope,thefuture.Idon’tmeanthatthesewordsarehackneyed,becausetheyareappropriatetotheday.Today,yougraduatesoftheCatholicUniversityofAmericahavecompletedanothermilestone.Thef?irstoneyouachieveduponyourgraduationfromgrammarschool.Thesecondoccurredonyourgraduationfromhighschool.Iamawarethatforsomeofyouthemathematicsarealittledifferent.Youaretheoneswhocamebacktoearnyourdegree.Myhat’sofftothoseforwhomthisistrue.Balancingafamilyandajobwhileyoustudyisn’teasy.Todayyouareabouttoreceiveeitheramastersordoctoraldegree.Youarenowreadytotakeontheworld.Rememberthatmostofyouareheretodaybecauseofboththesacrif?icesofyourfamilyandyourownefforts.Appreciatewhatothershavedoneforyou.Beworthyofthefaithothershaveinyou.Justifythesacrif?icestheymade.Beproudofallthehoursyouyourselfhaveworkedtocometothisday.ItwouldbeniceifIcouldgiveyouterrif?icadvicethatwouldbeamagickeyintoamagicalworldwhereanyproblemsthatdoarisearesolvedinminutes;wherefromthismomentonyouwilllivehappilyandsuccessfullyeverafter,butweallknowthatisn’tthewayitworks.SoinsteadI’llgossipwithyouforafewminutesaboutreallifebecauseinstanthappyendingsaren’treallife.Ibelievethatatourcradlesthelegendarygodmotherscometobequeathagift.Somepeoplereceivemany,othersjustone,buteverybodydoesgetonespecialgift.Inmycase,thegodmother,whomighthavegivenmethevoiceofanightingale,wasoutoftown;Ican’thitmiddleConkey.IwasalwaysthelastonetheboysaskedtodancebecauseIdon’thaveasenseofrhythm.Andnoonehaseverbeggedaninvitationtomydinnertable.Butonegodmothercameandwhispered,“Ibequeathyouthegiftofbeingastoryteller.”Iamveryhappythatshewastheonewhoshowedupthatday.Iwantyoutoknow,withallthecertaintyofyourbeing,thateachoneofyou,atyourcradle,wasgivenaspecialgift.Findit,feelitinsideyou,thennurtureittofruition.Regularlyinthemediaweseethesmilingfaceofsomeoneholdingawinningticket.I’msureweallwonderwhatwe’ddoifwewereluckyenoughtobethatperson.ButthereisasayingthatIbelieveistrue,“Ifyouwanttobehappyforayear,winthelottery.Ifyouwanttobehappyforlife,lovewhatyoudo.”WhenIwassigningbooksafewyearsago,awomansaidtome,“You’resofortunate.Youhadalotofproblems—yourfather’searlydeathwhenyouwereachild,yourhusband’searlydeath,thestruggletoraiseandeducatef?ivechildren.”Iwaitedforthepunchline.“Yousee”,sheexplained,“I’vebeenveryfortunate.Myparentswerewonderful.Wegrewupinacomfortablehome,myhusbanddoesverywell,weloveeachotherandwehavegreatkids.ButIhaven’texperiencedenoughproblemstohaveanythingtowriteabout.”Myheartdidn’tbleedforher,butshedidhaveapoint.Wedon’twantproblems,buttheydostrengthenus.Theyforceyoutobeonyourtoes,toovercomeobstacles.Mybooksusuallystartwithaprologue,aforeshadowingofwhatisgoingtohappenlater.Todayyouarestartingtowriteyourownsuspensenovel.It’scalledTheRestofMyLife.ByyourchoiceofwhatyouwillbedoinginSeptember,youhavealreadywrittentheprologue.Didyouchoosemedicalschool,areyougoingforyourMBA,areyouplanningtobecomeaJurisDoctoris,haveyoufeltacallfromGodtofollowhiminavocation?Whateveryourchoice,yourprologueiswritten.WhenIbegintoplanabook,Idon’tknowexactlywhotheprotagonistis,butIdoknowthatheorshewillbeapersonwhocombinesfaith,optimism,intelligence,generosityandagoodsenseofhumor.Let’stouchonthesubjectofasenseofhumor.Itistheleaveningagentinlife.Ifyoudon’thaveonenaturally,trytodevelopit.Wheneverythingpilesuponyou,theabilitytolaughatfateoratyourselfisacureforbothbodyandmind.Ialwaysgivemyprotagonistsagoodfriend,abuddywhowillrejoicewiththemwhenthesunisshiningandbethereforthemwhentheskyisfallingin.Thatbuddymaybeaparent,asibling,alifetimepal,butIwantallofyouhavethatkindofpersoninyourlife.Whenanywriterbeginsanovel,theearlypagesseemtotakeforever.Thenatsomepointtheymoveataquickerandquickerpace.Anynovelworthitssalthasdownwardsteps,problemsthatariseandneedtobesolved.Ipraythatyou,theprotagonist,willfaceuptoyourproblemswithdeterminationandstrength.Anovelhasagoal.YoursIhopewillbetoleadafulf?illing,givinglife.Intoday’ssociety,toooftentraditionalvalueshavebeenreplacedbysituationalethics①.YouasgraduatesofCatholicUniversityhavetheopportunitytobecomemoralleadersinaworldwheresofrequentlymoralvaluesareconsignedtothedustbin.Don’tbeafraidofexercisingthatleadership.Iwarnyouandpromiseyouthattheyearstocomewillflyatanincreasinglyacceleratedpace.Makethemostofeverydayofeveryoneofthoseyears.Writethestoryofyourlivessothatyournovelwillbemorethanabestseller.Writeitandliveitsothatitbecomesaclassic.Nowisthetimetoreceiveyourdegrees,toacceptthecongratulationsofyourfamiliesandfriends,toenjoyyourparties.Youarevoyagersatthebeginningofyournewadventures.Nowvoyagers,withunwaveringtrustinGod,setforththysailsandhaveawonderfullife. YouAreYourOwnProfessorNow?(?Excerpt?) Havingyourownstandardsallowsyoutoperceivesuccesswhereothersmayseefailure. Goodmorning.Oh,whataday.Whatalovelyday.It’sapleasuretobeaddressingtheWakeForestgraduatingClassof2015.IwanttostartbythankingtheadministrationandtheTrusteesforinvitingmetospeak.IwanttothankthemforgivingmeanhonoraryDoctorateofHumanities.IespeciallywanttothanktheUniversitypresident,NathanO.Hatch.Ofcourse,wemustn’tforgettheparents,who,togetyoustudentstothisday,havesacrif?icedsomanythings,primarilymoney.I’msurethereareotherthingsthey’vesacrif?iced,butI’mgonnaguessthatmoney’stheonetheybringupmostoften.Mostimportantly,congratulationstoyou,theClassof2015.Youdidit.IamsoproudtobeyourCommencementspeakertoday,becauseIknowIamfollowinginsomeimpressivefootsteps.Lastyear,youheardfromNewYorkTimesExecutiveEditorJillAbramson,who,unfortunately,lostherjobjustf?ivedaysbeforeherspeech.IstheresomethingyouknowaboutmynewjobthatIdon’t?Please.Justtellme.Ireallyneedthatmoney.Ihavekidsincollege.Ofcourseforyougrads,thefutureisadarkchasmofyawninguncertainty.Butdon’tworry.Youdon’thavetofacethefutureforliketwohours—f?irstbrunchthenyawninguncertainty.Butfornow,youarestillnestledinthebeautiful,comfortingbosomofWakeForest.There’saninterestingstoryabouthowthisinstitutioncametobe.ThefatherofWakeForest,SamuelWait,wastryingtoraisemoneyforadifferentschool,butduringhistravelshishorseranoff,andhebecamestrandednearby.Sothelocalsaskedhimtoleadtheirnewuniversity.Itwasasimplertime.Backthen,theyjusthandedoutuniversitiestowhoever’shorsehadrunoffmostrecently.Thismanhasnocontroloverhisanimals?Surely,hehassomethingtoteachusall.Ofcourse,WakeForestwasn’talwaysthepurelyacademicinstitutionitistoday.ItwasfoundedastheseductivelynamedWakeForestManualLaborInstitute.Andstudentsspenthalftheirdaytoilinginthef?ields.Thef?irstclasshadjust16students,oneofthemjust12yearsold.But,hewasaprodigy.Hecouldhaulsacksofgrainatacollegelevel.WakeForesthasalwaysbeenaleader.Inthelate19thcentury,thiswasamongthef?irstSouthernschoolstoteachbiologyinalab.Beforethen,youweren’tsupposedtolearnbiologyuntilmarriage.In1962,WakeForesthadtheprouddistinctionofbeingtheSouth’sf?irstmajorprivateschooltointegrate.Evennow,WakeForestisatrailblazer.YouwereAmerica’sf?irsttop30schooltomakestandardizedtestingoptional.Clearly,WakeForesthascomealongwaysinceitwasalaborschoolfoundedbyahorselessdrifter.ButasgreatasWakeForestis,Wakeisyourpastnow.Itismyresponsibilityasacommencementspeakertoprepareyouforwhatawaitsyouinthefuture.Hereitis:Noonehasanyideawhat’sgoingtohappen.NotevenElonMusk①.That’swhyhe’sbuildingthoserockets.Hewantsa‘PlanB’onanotherworld.Butwhateverhappens,Ithinkit’sentirelyappropriatethatI’mtheonetalkingtoyourightnow.BecauseIjustspentmanyyearslearningtodoonethingreallywell.Igotsocomfortablewiththatplace,thatrole,thoseresponsibilitiesthatitcametodef?inehowIsawmyself.Butnowthatpartofmylifeisover.It’stimetosaygoodbyetothepersonwe’vebecome,we’veworkedsohardtoperfect,andtomakesomecrucialdecisionsaboutwhowe’regoingtobe.Forme,I’llhavetof?igureouthowtodoanhour-longshoweverynight.Andyou,atsomepoint,willhavetosleep.IamtoldtheAdderallwearsoffeventually.Goodluck.Butthisuncertaintyisnotnewtoyourgeneration.Thefutureisalwaysuncertain.Theonlythingwecanbesurewillhappenin2016isthatwe’llelectanewpresident.Andthatbetweennowandthen,aboutthismanypeoplewillrunastheRepublicannominee.Yes,youaregraduatingintoanelectionyear,whichisthetechnicaltermfor“twoyearsbeforeanelection.”Alotofcandidateswillbevyingforyourattention,andyouwillperformtheultimatecivicduty:decidingforwhomyouwillswipeleftandforwhomyouwillswiperight②.Andwithallthesepeopleappealingtoyou,you’regoingtohavetolearnprettydamnquickhowtotellthedifferencebetweenhypeandsubstance.Sotokeepfolksfromsellingyouthingsandideasthataren’ttrue,youwillneedawellcalibratedBSdetector.Andluckily,I’msellingthemtodayforthelow,lowpriceofjust$89.95.OrdernowandI’llincludeananti-flim-flamtravelcase.That’sStephenColbert’sBSdetector.Ifyoubuyit,thatmeansyouneededit.Andifthere’sonethingyouneedevenmore,it’syourownsetofstandards.Itmayseemcounterintuitivenow,butonceyouleavehere,youmaymissbeinggradedonallyourwork.Becausewhenyou’reoutofschool,therearenoobjectivecriteriaforachievementanymore.Peoplemyagewillsometimessaytoyou,“Hey,thatworkyoudid,thatthingyousaid,thatcauseyouchampioned,it’snotgood.”Well,havingyourownstandardswillhelpyouweathermomentslikethat.Havingyourownstandardsallowsyoutoperceivesuccesswhereothersmayseefailure.I’mremindedofonefamousinventorwhowasridiculedforhisdream.Butflashforward15yearstotheday.AnddoweordowenotnowallrideSegways③towork?Wedonot,buttheyarefeaturedprominentlyinthemoviePaulBlart:MallCop.That’sgood,too.Here’sanotherexample.Overtheyears,Ihavegivenmyworkalotofthought.Ihavemyownstandardforsuccessnow.Ihaveaprettygoodideaofwhatjokeswillgetlaughsandaprettygoodideaofwhatjokesmaybeiffy.ButI’mgoingtosaythemanywaybecauseIkindoflikehowiffytheyare.ThosewhohavewatchedmyshowovertheyearsknowIhavemadethatdecisionmanytimes.ButhavingmyownstandardsiswhyIcouldkeepgoingattimeswhennoonelaughedorwhenIthoughtthepersonIwasinterviewingmightthrowapunchatme.It’salsowhytheepitaphonmytombstonewillprobablyread,“Well,Ithoughtitwasfunny.”Ofcourse,anystandardsworthhavingwillbeachallengetomeet.Andmostofthetime,youwillfallshort.Butwhatisniceabouthavingyourownsetofstandardsisthatfromnowon,youf?illoutyourownreportcard.Sodoyourselfafavor:Beaneasygrader.Scoreyourselfonacurve.Giveyourselfextracredit.Youhavethepower.Youareyourownprofessornow.WhichIknowisalittlecreepybecausethatmeansyou’reshoweringwithyourprofessor.Butyouhavetenure.Theycan’tf?ireyou.SoIhopeyouf?indthecouragetodecideforyourselfwhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Andthen,pleaseexpectasmuchoftheworldaroundyou.Trytomaketheworldgoodaccordingtoyourstandards.Itwon’tbeeasy.Getreadyformygenerationtotellyoueverythingthatcan’tbedone——likeendingracialtension,orgettingmoneyoutofpolitics,orloweringtheworld’scarbonemissions.Andweshouldknowtheycan’tbedone.Afterall,we’retheoneswhodidn’tdothem.Thankyouforthehonorofaddressingyou.AndcongratulationsagaintotheWakeForestClassof2015.
成为自己的教授（节选）
史蒂芬?科尔伯特维克森林大学毕业演讲2015年5月18日
没有人知道未来会发生什么事情。
有自己的标准，就能看到别人看不到的成功机会。
任何值得设立的标准都会是一项挑战。
早上好，多么美好的一天，很高兴能够为维克森林大学的2015届毕业生演讲。首先，我想感谢教务处和董事会邀请我来演讲，感谢他们授予我人类学荣誉博士的学位。我最想感谢的是本校校长——南森?欧?哈奇。当然，我们一定不能忘了父母，为了让你们读完大学，他们付出了很多，最重要的就是钱，我确信他们也牺牲了其他很多东西，但我猜钱是提到最多的一样。最重要的是，2015届毕业生，恭喜你们，你们毕业了。我很荣幸能够为你们做毕业演讲，因为我知道我在跟随很多名人的脚步。去年，你们听了《纽约时报》的执行编辑——吉尔?爱博松的演讲。很不幸的是，在她演讲的5天前，她丢掉了自己的工作。你们对于我的新工作有什么我不知道的消息吗？请直接告诉我，我真的很需要钱，我的孩子也在读大学。对你们毕业生来说，未来看不清，充满不确定性，令人困惑；但不要担心，你们还有两个小时才会面对未来——在面对未来的不确定性之前你们还可以吃一顿早午餐。至少现在，你们还栖息在维克森林大学美好而又舒适的怀抱里。其实，这所学校的建成有一段有趣的故事。当时维克森林的创建者塞缪尔?维特在为另一所学校筹款，但是在他旅行时马跑掉了，被困在了这附近，所以当地人邀请他领导他们的新学校。那个时候人们很单纯。在那个年代他们会把学校随便交给刚丢了马的人。这个人没能控制他的坐骑？他肯定有什么可以教给我们的。当然，维克森林大学并不是一直像现在这样是一所学术机构。创建之初的校名极其引人注目——维克森林人工劳动机构，学生们花一半的时间在田地里辛苦劳作。第一个班级只有16名学生，其中一位只有12岁，但他是名奇才，能让扛粮袋的技术达到大学水平。维克森林大学一直都是领先者。在19世纪末，美国南部第一批在实验室教授生物课的学校中就有维克森林大学。在此之前，人们在婚后才能学习生物学。1962年，维克森林在美国率先创办黑人和白人同校就读的私立大学，这是维克森林大学的自豪。即使现在，维克森林也是教育界的先驱者，是全国前30名大学中，第一个可以选择是否参加标准考试的大学。很明显，维克森林从丢马的流浪者创建开始已经走了很长的一段旅程。维克森林很伟大，但它已是你们的过去了。身为毕业演讲人，我的职责是让你们对未来有所准备。没有人知道未来会发生什么事情，就连伊隆?马斯克都不知道，所以他要建造那些火箭，他想在另一个星球上有个备份计划。无论发生什么，我觉得此刻和你们讲这些事情，我是最合适的人选，因为这么多年来我都在学习如何将一件事情做好。我非常安于我给自己所定义的位置、角色和责任。但现在我生命的这部分已经结束。是时候告别现在的我们——那个我们竭力完善的角色，对未来的人生做出关键性的决定。对我来说，我必须每天晚上想出来如何做一个小时节目；而对你们来说，则是睡觉。别人告诉我安非他命的效果（使人亢奋不眠）总会消失的，祝你们好运。这种不确定性对你们这一代来说并不新鲜，未来总是不确定的，我们唯一可以确定的是在2016年我们会选举新总统。从现在到2016年，将会有很多人成为共和党候选人。你们毕业将进入选举年，这是“选举前两年”的政治术语。许多候选人都渴望你们的关注，你们将行使最终公民义务：选择喜欢谁或讨厌谁。有这么多人向你们诉求，你们必须尽快学会区分什么是夸大其词，什么是真实言论。为了防止有人向你们灌输不真实的想法，你们需要有精确的“鬼话检测仪”。幸运的是，今天我以超低价出售，只需要89.95美元。立刻订购，我将赠送“抗鬼话旅行组”。这就是史蒂芬?科尔伯特的“鬼话检测仪”，如果你购买，就证明你需要它。你们更需要的是属于自己的评定标准。现在听起来好像有点违反常理，但你们离开这里之后，可能会想念根据你的功课来为你打分的日子，因为你们离开学校之后，将不再有评判成就的客观标准。我这个年纪的人有时会告诉你们：“嘿，你做的工作、你说的话、你支持的理由，都不好。”有自己的标准，就能度过这样的时刻；有自己的标准，就能看到别人看不到的成功机会。我想起了一位著名的研发者，他的梦想曾受人取笑，但是快进到15年后的今天，我们是不是所有人都骑赛格威电动代步车去上班？虽然没有，但它们在《百货战警》里造型很突出。这已经很不错了。还有一个例子，这些年来，对于我的工作，我想了很多。现在对于成功，我有自己的标准。对于一个笑话人们会不会笑，我都大概有数，但我还是会讲可能不好笑的笑话，因为我喜欢这种不确定性。这些年来看过我节目的人都知道，我这样做了很多次。我有自己的标准，我能在冷场的时候，在我认为访谈对象可能揍我一拳的时候，坚持下去。这也是为何我的墓志铭可能会是“好吧，我认为蛮有趣的”。当然，任何值得设立的标准都会是一项挑战。很多时候你们会不符合标准，但有自己标准的好处是，从此以后你们可以填写自己的成绩单。因此，帮自己一个忙：做一个打分宽松的人。让自己的成绩呈常态分布，多给自己一些额外的分数。你们有这种能力，现在你们是自己的教授。我知道，这有点可怕，因为这将意味着你们和自己的教授一起洗澡，但好处是，这个职位是终身制的，不会被开除。我希望你们有勇气为自己决定什么是对的，什么是错的。请尽可能对周围的世界寄予期待，努力让世界在你们的标准下变得美好。这并不简单，准备好，我们这一代会告诉你们那些不可能做成的事情——像消除种族冲突，让金钱不与政治挂钩或减少全球二氧化碳排放量。要知道这些是我们自己无法完成的，毕竟我们自己都没插手做这些事情。谢谢你们，让我有荣幸给你们做毕业演讲，再次祝贺维克森林大学2015届的毕业生们。[AbouttheAuthor]史蒂芬?科尔伯特（StephenColbert），生于1964年5月13日，是美国喜剧演员、艾美奖获得者。他因讽刺和扑克脸式的喜剧表演风格而在美国广为人知。科尔伯特从大学毕业之后就从事表演工作。1997年，他加入了美国ComedyCentral电视台的时政节目“乔恩?斯图尔特每日新闻（TheDailyShowwithJonStewart）”。在节目中，他扮演了一个虚构的记者角色，他自己称之为“意图明确却知之甚少的高级白痴”。[BackgroundoftheSpeech]维克森林大学建于1834年，是美国一所极负盛名的综合性研究大学。在美国因地理位置与范德堡大学、杜兰大学和埃默里大学共同享有“南哈佛”的美誉，同时因为小班制精英教学体制，维克森林也被称作“南方的达特茅斯”。维克森林大学连续18年全美大学综合排名25名左右。[Notes]①ElonMusk：埃隆?马斯克，出生于南非的美国企业家。马斯克因身为SpaceX创办人以及特斯拉汽车和的联合创办人而闻名。2013年11月21日，美国著名财经杂志《财富》揭晓了“2013年度商业人物”，特斯拉汽车CEO马斯克荣登榜首。②forwhomyouwillswipeleftandforwhomyouwillswiperight：美国交友手机应用通过向左滑向右滑，来决定你喜欢还是讨厌一个人。③Segways：赛格威是一种电力驱动、具有自我平衡能力的个人用运输载具，是都市用交通工具的一种。（赵文静曲茹茹）